A–Z index
366 headings: entries from all 22 chapters, plus the stones, famous gems, localities, laboratories and cuts listed in the reference tables.
A19
- AgateStone · Quartz (chalcedony)
- AGLLaboratory · American Gemological Laboratories
- Ago BayLocality · Japan
- AGS LaboratoriesLaboratory · American Gem Society Laboratories
- AI and computer vision in the tradeEntry · 19.07 · Technology
- AlexandriteStone · Chrysoberyl
- Alluvial, placer and marine depositsEntry · 04.02 · Geology
- AlmandineStone · Almandine
- AmberStone · Fossil resin
- AmethystStone · Quartz
- AML and KYC rules for dealersEntry · 18.01 · Law & crime
- Anakie gemfieldsLocality · Australia
- AndalusiteStone · Andalusite
- ApatiteStone · Apatite
- Apatite, sphene, andalusite, kyanite, diopside, fluoriteEntry · 02.14 · Stones
- AquamarineStone · Beryl
- ArgyleLocality · Australia
- Asscher cutCut · step style
- Auction houses and the jewelry calendarEntry · 14.01 · Auctions
B9
- Basalt-related sapphiresEntry · 04.05 · Geology
- BelmontLocality · Brazil
- BenitoiteStone · Benitoite
- Beryl: emerald, aquamarine and relativesEntry · 02.04 · Stones
- Birthstones, zodiac stones and anniversary stonesEntry · 20.03 · History
- Black Prince’s RubyFamous stone · Red spinel, uncut
- Blue sapphireStone · Corundum
- Briolette cutCut · other style
- Buying: dealers, reports and returnsEntry · 22.01 · Ownership
C42
- Cabochon cutCut · other style
- CAD, 3D printing, casting and bench workEntry · 16.07 · Jewelry
- Capão mine (Ouro Preto)Locality · Brazil
- Carats, points and per-carat pricingEntry · 01.07 · Definitions
- CarbonadoStone · Diamond
- Carved Mughal emeraldFamous stone · Carved emerald
- Carving, cameos and intagliosEntry · 07.09 · Cutting
- CatocaLocality · Angola
- CGLLaboratory · Central Gem Laboratory
- Chalk EmeraldFamous stone · Emerald
- ChanthaburiLocality · Thailand
- Chemical composition and crystal systemsEntry · 03.01 · Science
- Child labor, artisanal mining and communitiesEntry · 17.06 · Ethics
- ChivorLocality · Colombia
- Chrome diopsideStone · Diopside
- Chrysoberyl: alexandrite and cat’s-eyeEntry · 02.05 · Stones
- ChrysopraseStone · Quartz (chalcedony)
- CitrineStone · Quartz
- Cleaning, storage and wearabilityEntry · 22.02 · Ownership
- Cleaving, sawing, bruting and polishingEntry · 07.02 · Cutting
- Coating, dyeing and bleachingEntry · 10.07 · Treatments
- Cobalt blue spinelStone · Spinel
- Collecting rare stones, suites and specimensEntry · 22.06 · Ownership
- Color: hue, tone, saturation and chromophoresEntry · 03.05 · Science
- Colored stone synthesisEntry · 11.02 · Synthetics
- Colored stones and diamonds comparedEntry · 13.11 · Markets
- Colored-stone and auction centersEntry · 06.07 · Industry
- Composites: doublets and tripletsEntry · 11.04 · Synthetics
- Conflict diamonds in Sierra Leone, Angola and LiberiaEntry · 17.01 · Ethics
- ConstellationFamous stone · Rough diamond
- Consumer protection and disclosure lawEntry · 18.05 · Law & crime
- Coober PedyLocality · Australia
- Coral, amber, jet, ammolite, shell and ivoryEntry · 02.17 · Stones
- Corundum: ruby and sapphireEntry · 02.03 · Stones
- CoscuezLocality · Colombia
- Crown jewelsEntry · 15.07 · Famous stones
- Crystal healing and metaphysical beliefsEntry · 20.06 · History
- CullinanLocality · South Africa
- Cullinan I (Great Star of Africa)Famous stone · Colorless diamond, drop shape
- Cullinan II (Second Star of Africa)Famous stone · Colorless diamond, cushion
- Cushion cutCut · brilliant style
- Customs, import duties, VAT and free portsEntry · 18.04 · Law & crime
D24
- DANATLaboratory · Bahrain Institute for Pearls and Gemstones
- Darya-i-NoorFamous stone · Pale pink diamond
- De Beers: from cartel to Supplier of ChoiceEntry · 13.12 · Markets
- Dealers, auction specialists and geologistsEntry · 21.02 · Careers
- DeLong Star RubyFamous stone · Star ruby
- DemantoidStone · Andradite
- Design erasEntry · 16.03 · Jewelry
- Detection: DiamondView, photoluminescence and screeningEntry · 11.05 · Synthetics
- DiamondStone · Diamond
- Diamond anvil cellsEntry · 19.04 · Technology
- Diamond boursesEntry · 06.04 · Industry
- Diamond in electronics and opticsEntry · 19.02 · Technology
- Diamond testersEntry · 12.04 · Instruments
- Diamond trading and cutting hubsEntry · 06.06 · Industry
- Diamond types and black diamondsEntry · 02.02 · Stones
- Diamond: colorless and fancy colorsEntry · 02.01 · Stones
- Diamonds in AfricaEntry · 05.02 · Mining
- Diamonds in Russia, Canada and AustraliaEntry · 05.03 · Mining
- DiavikLocality · Canada
- Diffusion: titanium, beryllium and lattice diffusionEntry · 10.02 · Treatments
- Digital provenance and online retailEntry · 19.08 · Technology
- Diplomas and coursesEntry · 21.03 · Careers
- Disclosure standards: CIBJO Blue Books and the FTCEntry · 10.09 · Treatments
- Dresden GreenFamous stone · Green diamond
E10
- EkatiLocality · Canada
- EmeraldStone · Beryl
- Emerald cutCut · step style
- Emerald depositsEntry · 05.06 · Mining
- Engagement and bridal jewelryEntry · 16.05 · Jewelry
- Environmental footprint of mined and lab-grown stonesEntry · 17.07 · Ethics
- Estate planning and inheritanceEntry · 22.05 · Ownership
- Evaluating colored stonesEntry · 08.04 · Grading
- Exchanges, funds and tokensEntry · 13.06 · Markets
- Exploration, sorting and recoveryEntry · 05.08 · Mining
F9
- Fabergé eggs and Golconda diamondsEntry · 15.08 · Famous stones
- Fancy sapphireStone · Corundum
- Fancy-color diamond gradingEntry · 08.03 · Grading
- FinschLocality · South Africa
- Fluorescence and phosphorescenceEntry · 03.06 · Science
- FluoriteStone · Fluorite
- Folklore and cursesEntry · 20.05 · History
- Fracture filling and laser drilling in diamondsEntry · 10.05 · Treatments
- Freeports and vault storageEntry · 13.08 · Markets
G15
- G7 and EU bans on Russian diamondsEntry · 17.05 · Ethics
- Gahcho KuéLocality · Canada
- Gem-backed lendingEntry · 13.07 · Markets
- Gem-set watches in Swiss haute horlogerieEntry · 16.08 · Jewelry
- Gemologists, appraisers, cutters and jewelersEntry · 21.01 · Careers
- Gems as an asset classEntry · 13.05 · Markets
- Gems in scripture and sacred astrologyEntry · 20.02 · History
- GIALaboratory · Gemological Institute of America
- Giant diamonds from African minesEntry · 15.03 · Famous stones
- GITLaboratory · Gem and Jewelry Institute of Thailand
- Graff Lesedi La RonaFamous stone · Polished diamond
- GrandidieriteStone · Grandidierite
- Great Imperial Crown spinelFamous stone · Red spinel
- GRSLaboratory · GRS GemResearch Swisslab AG
- Gübelin Gem LabLaboratory · Gübelin Gem Lab Ltd
H15
- Handshakes, trust and family firmsEntry · 06.08 · Industry
- Hardness, toughness, cleavage and stabilityEntry · 03.02 · Science
- Heart cutCut · brilliant style
- Heat treatment and the no-heat premiumEntry · 10.01 · Treatments
- Heists: Antwerp, Hatton Garden, Dresden and the LouvreEntry · 18.07 · Law & crime
- HessoniteStone · Grossular
- High jewelry, fine jewelry and fashion jewelryEntry · 16.04 · Jewelry
- Historic diamonds of IndiaEntry · 15.01 · Famous stones
- Historic trade routesEntry · 20.01 · History
- Hope DiamondFamous stone · Blue diamond, Type IIb
- HortensiaFamous stone · Pink diamond, slightly brown-orange
- HpakantLocality · Myanmar
- HPHT, irradiation and annealingEntry · 10.06 · Treatments
- HRD AntwerpLaboratory · HRD Antwerp (from the Hoge Raad voor Diamant)
- Hydrothermal deposits: Colombian emeraldsEntry · 04.06 · Geology
I11
- Idol’s EyeFamous stone · Very Light blue diamond
- IGILaboratory · International Gemological Institute
- IlakakaLocality · Madagascar
- Illiquidity, spreads and markupsEntry · 13.03 · Markets
- Inclusions as fingerprintsEntry · 03.09 · Science
- IndicoliteStone · Elbaite
- Industrial diamondsEntry · 19.01 · Technology
- Insurance and insurance fraudEntry · 18.06 · Law & crime
- Insurance, appraisals and recordsEntry · 22.03 · Ownership
- Investment scamsEntry · 13.14 · Markets
- IoliteStone · Cordierite
J8
K10
- KagemLocality · Zambia
- KaroweLocality · Botswana
- Kashmir (Padar)Locality · India
- Kimberley (Big Hole)Locality · South Africa
- Kimberlite and lamproite pipesEntry · 04.01 · Geology
- Koh-i-NoorFamous stone · Colorless diamond
- KoiduLocality · Sierra Leone
- Kollur (Golconda workings)Locality · India
- KunziteStone · Spodumene
- KyaniteStone · Kyanite
L23
- La PeregrinaFamous stone · Natural pearl
- La Peregrina and the Olympic AustralisEntry · 15.06 · Famous stones
- Lab reports vs appraisalsEntry · 09.02 · Labs
- Lab-grown diamonds and natural pricesEntry · 13.13 · Markets
- Lab-grown diamonds: HPHT and CVDEntry · 11.01 · Synthetics
- Laboratory spectroscopy, chemistry and imagingEntry · 12.05 · Instruments
- Labradorescence, aventurescence, color change, iridescenceEntry · 03.08 · Science
- LabradoriteStone · Plagioclase
- Lapis lazuliStone · Rock (lazurite, calcite, pyrite)
- Lead-glass filling in rubiesEntry · 10.03 · Treatments
- Learning to cutEntry · 07.10 · Cutting
- Lesedi La RonaFamous stone · Rough diamond
- Lesotho LegendFamous stone · Rough diamond, D color, Type IIa
- Lesotho PromiseFamous stone · Rough diamond, white
- LetsengLocality · Lesotho
- LFGLaboratory · Laboratoire Français de Gemmologie
- Lightning RidgeLocality · Australia
- Literature and filmEntry · 20.08 · History
- Logan SapphireFamous stone · Blue sapphire, cushion mixed cut
- Lotus GemologyLaboratory · Lotus Gemology
- Loupe and microscopeEntry · 12.01 · Instruments
- Luc YenLocality · Vietnam
- Luster, transparency and pleochroismEntry · 03.04 · Science
M27
- Mahenge (Epanko)Locality · Tanzania
- Major producersEntry · 06.02 · Industry
- MalachiteStone · Malachite
- Malysheva (Mariinsky mine)Locality · Russia
- Marange (Chiadzwa)Locality · Zimbabwe
- Marquise cutCut · brilliant style
- Mbuji-MayiLocality · DR Congo
- Merelani HillsLocality · Tanzania
- Metamorphic deposits: marble-hosted rubiesEntry · 04.04 · Geology
- Meteoritic and exotic materialEntry · 04.08 · Geology
- Midstream financingEntry · 06.05 · Industry
- Minerals, rocks, organic gems and man-made stonesEntry · 01.04 · Definitions
- Mining methodsEntry · 05.01 · Mining
- MirLocality · Russia
- MogokLocality · Myanmar
- Money laundering and sanctions evasionEntry · 18.02 · Law & crime
- Mong HsuLocality · Myanmar
- MontepuezLocality · Mozambique
- MoonstoneStone · Orthoclase
- MorganiteStone · Beryl
- Motagua valleyLocality · Guatemala
- MotswediFamous stone · Rough diamond
- Mourning jewelry, talismans and amuletsEntry · 20.07 · History
- Mughal, Renaissance and Imperial Russian jewelryEntry · 20.09 · History
- Museum sapphires, rubies and emeraldsEntry · 15.04 · Famous stones
- MuzoLocality · Colombia
- Myanmar ruby and jade sanctionsEntry · 17.04 · Ethics
N7
- Namibian marine fieldsLocality · Namibia
- Naming rules: lab-grown, cultured, syntheticEntry · 11.07 · Synthetics
- Native cuts and recuttingEntry · 07.08 · Cutting
- NephriteStone · Actinolite-tremolite
- Nishapur turquoise minesLocality · Iran
- Nitrogen, boron and diamond typesEntry · 03.10 · Science
- NV centers and quantum technologyEntry · 19.03 · Technology
O11
- Oiling and resin filling in emeraldsEntry · 10.04 · Treatments
- Old european cutCut · antique style
- Old mine cutCut · antique style
- Olympic AustralisFamous stone · Precious opal
- OpalEntry · 02.10 · Stones
- OrapaLocality · Botswana
- Origin determination and its price premiumEntry · 08.06 · Grading
- Origin reports and their scientific limitsEntry · 09.04 · Labs
- OrlovFamous stone · Colorless diamond, rose cut
- Other transparent gems: tanzanite to spodumeneEntry · 02.12 · Stones
- Oval cutCut · brilliant style
P25
- Padparadscha sapphireStone · Corundum
- PailinLocality · Cambodia
- PainiteStone · Painite
- Panjshir Valley (Khenj)Locality · Afghanistan
- Paraíba tourmalineStone · Elbaite
- Pear cutCut · brilliant style
- PearlStone · Nacre (calcium carbonate)
- Pearl gradingEntry · 08.07 · Grading
- PearlsEntry · 02.16 · Stones
- PegmatitesEntry · 04.03 · Geology
- PeridotStone · Olivine
- Pledges, liens and title disputesEntry · 18.08 · Law & crime
- Polish, symmetry and fluorescenceEntry · 08.02 · Grading
- Portuguese DiamondFamous stone · Near-colorless diamond
- PoudretteiteStone · Poudretteite
- Precious and semi-preciousEntry · 01.02 · Definitions
- Precious coralStone · Coralliidae skeleton
- Precious metals and karat goldEntry · 16.02 · Jewelry
- Precious opalStone · Opal
- Price lists and indicesEntry · 13.01 · Markets
- Princess cutCut · brilliant style
- Producer auctionsEntry · 14.05 · Auctions
- Proportions and light performanceEntry · 07.07 · Cutting
- Provenance premiumsEntry · 14.04 · Auctions
- PyropeStone · Pyrope
R28
- Radiant cutCut · mixed style
- Rare collector gemsEntry · 02.15 · Stones
- RatnapuraLocality · Sri Lanka
- Reading a property tableEntry · 01.06 · Definitions
- Record salesEntry · 14.02 · Auctions
- Red berylStone · Beryl
- Red spinelStone · Spinel
- Refractometer, polariscope and dichroscopeEntry · 12.02 · Instruments
- RegentFamous stone · Colorless diamond
- Resale routesEntry · 22.04 · Ownership
- Resource dependence and beneficiationEntry · 05.09 · Mining
- Responsible Jewellery Council and OECD guidanceEntry · 17.08 · Ethics
- Retailers, jewelry houses and online sellersEntry · 06.09 · Industry
- Rose cutCut · antique style
- Rose quartzStone · Quartz
- Rose, old mine and old European cutsEntry · 07.05 · Cutting
- Rosser Reeves Star RubyFamous stone · Star ruby, oval cabochon
- Rough and polished pricesEntry · 13.02 · Markets
- Rough planning and yieldEntry · 07.01 · Cutting
- Round and modified brilliant shapesEntry · 07.03 · Cutting
- Round brilliant cutCut · brilliant style
- Royalty, power and statusEntry · 20.04 · History
- RubelliteStone · Elbaite
- Rubies and sapphires in AsiaEntry · 05.04 · Mining
- Rubies and sapphires: Africa, Montana, AustraliaEntry · 05.05 · Mining
- “Rubies” that are spinelEntry · 15.05 · Famous stones
- RubyStone · Corundum
- Ruby lasers and quartz oscillatorsEntry · 19.06 · Technology
S32
- SancyFamous stone · Diamond, asymmetrical pear shape
- São José da BatalhaLocality · Brazil
- Sapphire, emerald and spinel recordsEntry · 14.03 · Auctions
- Sar-e-SangLocality · Afghanistan
- Sedimentary deposits: Australian opalEntry · 04.07 · Geology
- SerendibiteStone · Serendibite
- SeritiFamous stone · Rough diamond
- SewelôFamous stone · Rough diamond
- ShakisoLocality · Ethiopia
- Sights, tenders and auctionsEntry · 06.03 · Industry
- Signed pieces and hallmarksEntry · 16.06 · Jewelry
- SimulantsEntry · 11.03 · Synthetics
- Smoky quartzStone · Quartz
- Smuggling and undervaluationEntry · 18.03 · Law & crime
- Soft grading, scandals and lab shoppingEntry · 09.03 · Labs
- Species, varieties and groupsEntry · 01.05 · Definitions
- Specific gravity, refraction and dispersionEntry · 03.03 · Science
- Spectroscope, Chelsea filter, UV lamps and SG balanceEntry · 12.03 · Instruments
- SpessartineStone · Spessartine
- SpheneStone · Titanite
- SpinelEntry · 02.08 · Stones
- Square, rectangular and drop shapesEntry · 07.04 · Cutting
- SSEFLaboratory · Swiss Gemmological Institute SSEF
- Stabilization and impregnation of turquoise and opalEntry · 10.08 · Treatments
- Star of IndiaFamous stone · Star sapphire
- Star of Sierra LeoneFamous stone · Rough diamond
- Stars, cat’s-eyes, play-of-color and adularescenceEntry · 03.07 · Science
- Step, mixed and fantasy cuts; cabochonsEntry · 07.06 · Cutting
- Stone settingsEntry · 16.01 · Jewelry
- Sunstone (oligoclase)Stone · Plagioclase
- Swat valley (Mingora)Locality · Pakistan
- Synthetic sapphireEntry · 19.05 · Technology
T26
- TaaffeiteStone · Taaffeite
- TanzaniteStone · Zoisite
- Tanzanite, tourmaline, jade, lapis, turquoise, opalEntry · 05.07 · Mining
- Teófilo Otoni districtLocality · Brazil
- The Big FourEntry · 01.03 · Definitions
- The diamond 4CsEntry · 08.01 · Grading
- The diamond pipelineEntry · 06.01 · Industry
- The garnet groupEntry · 02.06 · Stones
- The Hope and other colored diamondsEntry · 15.02 · Famous stones
- The Kimberley Process and the System of WarrantiesEntry · 17.02 · Ethics
- The lab-grown price collapse and natural diamondsEntry · 11.06 · Synthetics
- The major laboratoriesEntry · 09.01 · Labs
- The quartz familyEntry · 02.09 · Stones
- Tiffany DiamondFamous stone · Yellow diamond
- Timur RubyFamous stone · Red spinel, inscribed
- TopazStone · Topaz
- TourmalineEntry · 02.07 · Stones
- Trace-element geochemistry and originEntry · 12.06 · Instruments
- Traceability, origin tracing and fair-trade gemsEntry · 17.09 · Ethics
- Trade color names and the standardization debateEntry · 08.05 · Grading
- Trade showsEntry · 21.04 · Careers
- Trade terms: rough, melee, parcels and memoEntry · 01.08 · Definitions
- Trillion cutCut · brilliant style
- TsavoriteStone · Grossular
- TurquoiseStone · Turquoise
- Turquoise, lapis lazuli, malachite and feldsparsEntry · 02.13 · Stones